ESR and ESL (Equivalent Series Resistance/Inductance)

ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) represents resistive losses in a capacitor; lower ESR means better efficiency in power applications. ESL (Equivalent Series Inductance) limits high-frequency performance. Low-ESL MLCCs with reverse-geometry terminations (e.g., 0306 instead of 0603) reduce parasitic inductance for high-speed decoupling.